ÃÛÌÇÖ±²¥

Mountain Research Station Publications; 2014-2018

2018

Andrus, R.A., Harvey, B.J., Rodman, K.C., Hart, S.J., Veblen, T.T. 2018. Moisture availability limits subalpine tree establishment. Ecology :1-9 , DOI:

Bowman, W.D. and S. Swatling-Holcomb.  2018.  The roles of stochasticity and biotic interactions in the spatial patterning of plant species in alpine communities. Journal of Vegetation Science 29: 25-33.

Fornwalt, P.J., Rhoades, C.C., Hubbard, R.M., Harris, R.L., Faist, A.M., Bowman, W.D. 2018 Short-term understory plant community responses to salvage logging in beetle-affected lodgepole pine forests, ÃÛÌÇÖ±²¥, USA.  Forest Ecology and Management 409 :84-93 , DOI:

2017

Raczka, B., Biraud, S.C., Ehleringer, J.R., Lai, C.-T., Miller, J.B., Pataki, D.E., Saleska, S.R., Torn, M.S., Vaughn, B.H., Wehr, R., Bowling, D.R., (2017) Does vapor pressure deficit drive the seasonality of δ13C of the net land-atmosphere CO2 exchange across the United States?. JGR Biogeosciences , DOI:

Tobias, T.B., Farrer, E.C., Rosales, A., Sinsabaugh, R.L., Suding, K.N., Porras-Alfaro, A., (2017) Seed-associated fungi in the alpine tundra: Both mutualists and pathogens could impact plant recruitment. Fungal Ecology 30 :10-18 , DOI:

Treml, V., Veblen, T.T., (2017) Does tree growth sensitivity to warming trends vary according to treeline form?. Journal of Biogeography , DOI:

Waterhouse, M.D., Sjodin, B., Ray, C., Erb, L., Wilkening, J., Russello, M.A., (2017) Individual-based analysis of hair corticosterone reveals factors influencing chronic stress in the American pika. Ecology and Evolution :1-10 , DOI:

Wetherbee, G.A., (2017) Precipitation collector bias and its effects on temporal trends and spatial variability in National Atmospheric Deposition Program/ National Trends Network data. Environmental Pollution , DOI:

Wieder, W.R., Knowles, J.F., Blanken, P.D., Swenson, S.C., Suding, K.N. 2018 Ecosystem function in complex mountain terrain: Combining models and long-term observations to advance process-based understanding.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 122 (4) :825-845 , DOI:

Wilcox, K., Tredennick, A., Koerner, S., Grman, E., Hallett, L., Avolio, M., La Pierre, K., Houseman, T., Isbell, F., Johnson, A., Alatalo, J., Baldwin, A., Bork, E., Boughton, E., Bowman, W.D., et al., Ecology Letters 20 :1534-1545 , DOI:

Yuan, X., Knelman, J.E., Wang, D., Goebl, A., Gasarch, E., Seastedt, T.R., (2017) Patterns of soil bacterial richness and composition tied to plant richness, soil nitrogen, and soil acidity in alpine tundra. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research 49 (3) :441–453 , DOI:

2016

Berkelhammer, M., Noone, D.C., Wong, T.E., Burns, S.P., Knowles, J.F., Kaushik, A., Blanken, P.D., Williams, M.W., (2016) Convergent approaches to determine an ecosystem's transpiration fraction. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 30 (6) :933-951 , DOI:

Biederman, J. A., Scott, R. L., Goulden, M. L., Vargas, R., Litvak, M. E., Kolb, T. E., Yepez, E. A., Oechel, W. C., Blanken, P. D., Bell, T. W., Garatuza-Payan, J., Maurer, G. E., Dore, S., Burns, S. P., (2016) Terrestrial carbon balance in a drier world: the effects of water availability in southwestern North America. Global Change Biology 22 :1867-1879 , DOI:

Biederman, J.A., Scott, R.L., Goulden, M.L., Vargas, R., Litvak, M.E., Kolb, T.E., Yepez, E.A., Oechel, W. C., Blanken, P. D., Bell, T.W., Garatuza-Payan, J., Maurer, G.E., Dore, S., Burns, S.P., (2016) Terrestrial carbon balance in a drier world: the effects ofwater availability in southwestern North America. Global Change Biology 22 :1867-1879 , DOI:

Brown, SP, Ungerer, MC, Jumpponen, A, (2016) A COMMUNITY OF CLONES: SNOW ALGAE ARE DIVERSE COMMUNITIES OF SPATIALLY STRUCTURED CLONES. International Journal of Plant Science 177 (5) , DOI:

Burns. SP, Maclean, GD, Blanken, PD, Oncley, SP, Semmer, SR, Monson, RK, (2016) The Niwot Ridge Subalpine Forest US-NR1 AmeriFlux site – Part 1: Data acquisition and site record-keeping. Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems 5 :451-471 , DOI:

Carrell, AA, Carper, DL, Frank, AC, (2016) Subalpine conifers in two different geographic locations host highly similar foliar bacterial endophyte communities.. FEMS Microbiology Ecology , DOI:

Fan, Z, Neff, JC, Wieder, WR, (2016) Model-based analysis of environmental controls over ecosystem primary production in an alpine tundra dry meadow. Biogeochemistry 128 :35-49 , DOI:

Farrer, EC, Suding, KN, (2016) Teasing apart plant community responses to N enrichment: the roles of resource limitation, competition and soil microbes. Ecology Letters 19 :1287-1296 , DOI:

Hinckley, E-L.S, Anderson, S.P, Baron, J.S, Blanken, P.D, Bonan, G.B, Bowman, W.D, Elmendorf, S.C, Fierer, N, Fox, A.M, Goodman, K.J, Jones, K.D, Lombardozzi, D.L, Lunch, C.K, Neff, J.C, SanClements, M.D, Suding, K.N, Wieder, W.R, (2016) Optimizing available network resources to address questions in environmental biogeochemistry. BioScience 66 (4) :317-326 , DOI:

Knowles, JF, Blanken, PD, Williams, MW, (2016) Wet meadow ecosystems contribute the majority of overwinter soil respiration from snow-scoured alpine tundra. Journal of Geophysical Research 121 :1118-1130 , DOI:

Kueppers, LM, Conlisk, E, Castanha, Cristina, Moyes, AB, (2016) Warming and provenance limit tree recruitment across and beyond the elevation range of subalpine forest. Global Change Biology , DOI:

Liu, Y, Wu, C, Peng, D, (2016) Improved modeling of land surface phenology using MODIS land surface reflectance and temperature at evergreen needleleaf forests of central North America. Remote Sensing of Environment 176 :152-162 , DOI:

Ladwig, LM, Ratajczak, ZR, Ocheltree, TW, Hafich, Katya, (2016) Beyond arctic and alpine: the influence of winter climate on temperate ecosystems. Ecology 97 (2) , DOI:

Maass, M., Balvanera, P., Bourgeron, P., Equihua, M., Baudry, J., Dick, J., Forsius, M., Halada, L., Krauze, K., Nakaoka, M., Orenstein, D.E., Parr, T.W., Redman, C.L., Rozzi, R., Santos-Reis, M., Swemmer, A.M., Vadineanu, A., (2016) The impact of biodiversity (ecosystem integrity) change on tradeoffs among ecosystem services, stakeholders and components of well-being. Ecology and Society 21 (3) , DOI:

Maurer, GE, Chan, AM, Trahan, NA, (2016) Carbon isotopic composition of forest soil respiration in the decade following bark beetle and stem girdling disturbances in the Rocky Mountains. Plant Cell and Environment 39 (7) :1513-1523 , DOI: Metzger, S, Burba, G, Burns, SP, Blanken, PD, (2016) Optimization of an enclosed gas analyzer sampling system for measuring eddy covariance fluxes of H2O and CO2. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 9 :1341-1359 , DOI:

Mikkelson, KM, Lozupone, CA, Sharp, JO, (2016) Altered edaphic parameters couple to shifts in terrestrial bacterial community structure associated with insect-induced tree mortality. Soil Biology and Biogeochemistry 95 :19-29 , DOI:

Mikkelson, KM, Bokman, CM, Sharp, JO, (2016) Rare Taxa Maintain Microbial Diversity and Contribute to Terrestrial Community Dynamics throughout Bark Beetle Infestation. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 82 (23) :6912-6919 , DOI:

Molotch, NP, Barnard, DM, Burns, SP, (2016) Measuring spatiotemporal variation in snow optical grain size under a subalpine forest canopy using contact spectroscopy. AGU-Water Resources Research 52 :7513–7522 , DOI:

Moyes, AB, Kueppers, LM, Pett-Ridge, J, (2016) Evidence for foliar endophytic nitrogen fixation in a widely distributed subalpine conifer. New Phytologist 210 (2) :657-668 , DOI:

Munshi, J, (2016) Dilution of atmospheric radiocarbon CO2 by fossil fuel emissions. , DOI:

Preston, DL, Caine, N, McKnight, DM, Williams, MW, Hell, K, Miller, MP, Hart, SJ, Johnson, PTJ, (2016) Climate regulates alpine lake ice cover phenology and aquatic ecosystem structure. AGU-Geophysical Research Letters , DOI:

Reynolds, RL, Munson, SM, Ferdandez, D, Goldstein, HL, Neff, JC, (2016) Concentrations of mineral aerosol from desert to plains across the central Rocky Mountains, western United States. Aeolian Research 23 :21-35 , DOI:

Sklenar, P, (2016) Seasonal variation of freezing resistance mechanisms in north-temperate alpine plants. Alpine Botany , DOI:

Wann, GT, Aldridge, CL, Braun, CE, (2016) Effects of seasonal weather on breeding phenology and reproductive success of alpine ptarmigan in ÃÛÌÇÖ±²¥. PLOS One , DOI:

Wilkening, JL, Ray, C, (2016) Characterizing predictors of survival in the American pika (Ochotona princeps). Journal of Mammalogy :1-10 , DOI:

Wilkening, JL, Ray, C, Varner, J, (2016) When can we measure stress noninvasively? Postdeposition effects on a fecal stress metric confound a multiregional assessment. Ecology and Evolution 6 (2) :502-513 , DOI:

Winchell, TS, Barnard, DM, Monson, RK, Burns, SP, Molotch, MP, (2016) Earlier snowmelt reduces atmospheric carbon uptake in midlatitude subalpine forests. AGU-Geophysical Research Letters :8160-8168 , DOI:

Winkler, DE, Chapin, KJ, Kueppers, LM, (2016) Soil moisture mediates alpine life form and community productivity responses to warming. Ecology 97 (6) :1553-1563 , DOI:

Xie, M, Mladenov, N, Williams, MW, Neff, JC, (2016) Water soluble organic aerosols in the ÃÛÌÇÖ±²¥ Rocky Mountains, USA: composition, sources and optical properties. Nature , DOI:

Yuan, X, Knelman, JE, Gasarch, E, Wang, D, Nemergut, DR, Seastedt, TR, (2016) Plant community and soil chemistry responses to long-term nitrogen inputs drive changes in alpine bacterial communities. Ecology 97 (6) :1543-1554 , DOI:

Zhao, Q, Poulson, SR, Obrist, D, (2016) Iron-bound organic carbon in forest soils: quantification and characterization. Biogeosciences 13 :4777-4788 , DOI:

Zscheischler, J, Fatichi, S, Wolf, S, Blanken, P.D, Bohrer, G, Clark, K, Desai, A.R, Hollinger, D, Keenan, T, Novick, K.A, (2016) Short-term favorable weather conditions are an important control of interannual variability in carbon and water fluxes. Biogeosciences 121 (8) :2186-2198 , DOI:

2015

Bhattacharyya, S., Ray, Chris, (2015) Of plants and pikas: evidence for a climate-mediated decline in forage and cache quality. Plant Ecology & Diversity 8 (5-6) :781-794 , DOI:

Bourgeron, PS, Humphries, HC, Liptzin, D, Seastedt, TR, (2015) The forest–alpine ecotone: a multi-scale approach to spatial and temporal dynamics of treeline change at Niwot Ridge. Plant Ecology and Diversity 8 (5-6) :763-779 , DOI:

Bowling, D. R., Egan, J. E., Hall, S. J., Risk, D. A., (2015) Environmental forcing does not induce diel or synoptic variation in the carbon isotope content of forest soil respiration. Biogeosciences 12 (16) :5143-5160 , DOI:

Bowman, W.D., Nemergut, D.R., McKnight, D.M., Miller, M.P., Williams, M.W. , (2015) A slide down a slippery slope - alpine ecosystem responses to nitrogen deposition. Plant Ecology & Diversity , DOI:

Brown, SP, Olson, BJSC, Jumpponen, A, (2015) Fungi and Algae Co-Occur in Snow: An Issue of Shared Habitat or Algal Facilitation of Heterotrophs?. Arctic, Anarctic, and Alpine Research 47 (4) :729-749 , DOI:

Broxton, P. D., Harpold, A. A., Biederman, J. A., Troch, P. A., Molotch, N. P., Brooks, P. D., (2015) Quantifying the effects of vegetation structure on snow accumulation and ablation in mixed-conifer forests. Ecohydrology 8 (6) :1073-1094 , DOI:

Bueno de Mesquita, Cliff, King, Andrew J., Schmidt, Steven K., Farrer, Emily C., Suding, Katharine N., (2015) Incorporating biotic factors in species distribution modeling: are interactions with soil microbes important?. Ecography 38 :001-011 , DOI:

Burns, S.P., Blanken, P.D., Turnipseed, A.A., Hu, J., Monson, R.K., (2015) The influence of warm-season precipitation on the diel cycle of the surface energy balance and carbon dioxide at a ÃÛÌÇÖ±²¥ subalpine forest site. Biogeosciences 12 :7349-7377 , DOI:

Burns, S.P., Blanken, P.D., Turnipseed, A.A., Hu, J., Monson, R.K., (2015) The influence of warm-season precipitation on the diel cycle of the surface energy balance and carbon dioxide at a ÃÛÌÇÖ±²¥ subalpine forest site. Biogeosciences 12 (23) :7349-7377 , DOI:

Dean, S. L., Farrer, E. C., Porras-Alfaro, A., Suding, K. N., Sinsabaugh, R. L., (2015) Assembly of root-associated bacteria communities: Interactions between abiotic and biotic factors. Environmental Microbiology Reports 7 (1) :102-110 , DOI:

Farrer, E. C., Ashton, I. W., Spasojevic, M. J., Fu, S., Gonzalez, D. J. X., Suding, K. N., (2015) Indirect effects of global change accumulate to alter plant diversity but not ecosystem function in alpine tundra. The Journal of Ecology 103 (2) :351-360 , DOI:

Gasarch, EI, Seastedt, TR, (2015) The consequences of multiple resource shifts on the productivity and composition of alpine tundra communities: inferences from a long-term snow and nutrient manipulation experiment. Plant Ecology and Diversity 8 (5-6) :751-761 , DOI:

Gasarch, EI, Seastedt, TR, (2015) Plant community response to nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment varies across an alpine tundra moisture gradient. Plant Ecology and Diversity 8 (5-6) :739-749 , DOI:

Harpold, A. A., Molotch, N. P., Musselman, K. N., Bales, R. C., Kirchner, P. B., Litvak, M., Brooks, P. D., (2015) Soil moisture response to snowmelt timing in mixed-conifer subalpine forests. Hydrological Processes 29 (12) :2782-2798 , DOI:

Kittel, T.G.F., Williams, M.W., Chowanski, K., Hartman, M., Ackerman, T., Losleben, M., Blanken, P., (2015) Contrasting long-term alpine and subalpine precipitation trends in a mid-latitude North American mountain system, ÃÛÌÇÖ±²¥ Front Range, USA. Plant Ecology and Diversity 8 (5-6) :607-624 , DOI:

Knowles, J. F., Harpold, A. A., Cowie, R., Zeliff, M., Barnard, H. R., Burns, S. P., Blanken, P. D., Morse, J. F., Williams, M. W., (2015) The relative contributions of alpine and subalpine ecosystems to the water balance of a mountainous, headwater catchment. Hydrological Processes 29 (22) :4794-4808 , DOI:

Knowles, J. F., Blanken, P. D., Williams, M. W., (2015) Soil respiration variability across a soil moisture and vegetation community gradient within a snow-scoured alpine meadow. Biogeochemistry 125 (2) :185-202 , DOI:

Launois, T, Peylin, P, Belviso, S, Poulter, B, (2015) A new model of the global biogeochemical cycle of carbonyl sulfide – Part 2: Use of carbonyl sulfide to constrain gross primary productivity in current vegetation models. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15 :9285-9312 , DOI:

Leopold, M, Lewis, G, Dethier, D, Caine, N, Williams, MW, (2015) Cryosphere: ice on Niwot Ridge and in the Green Lakes Valley, ÃÛÌÇÖ±²¥ Front Range. Plant Ecology & Diversity 8 (5-6) :625-638 , DOI: 1755-0874, 1755-1668,

Liptzin, D., Helmig, D., Schmidt, S. K., Seok, B., Williams, M. W., (2015) Winter gas exchange between the atmosphere and snow-covered soils on Niwot Ridge, ÃÛÌÇÖ±²¥, USA. Plant Ecology & Diversity :1-12 , DOI:

Meromy, Leah, Molotch, Noah P., Williams, Mark W., Musselman, Keith N., Kueppers, Lara M., (2015) Snowpack-climate manipulation using infrared heaters in subalpine forests of the Southern Rocky Mountains, USA. Agricultural and forest meteorology 203 :142-157 , DOI:

Miller-Struttmann, Nicole, Geib, Jennifer C., Franklin, James D., Kevan, Peter G., Holdo, Ricardo M., Ebert-May, Diane, Lynn, Austin M., Kettenbach, Jessica A., Hedrick, Elizabeth, Galen, Candace, (2015) Functional mismatch in a bumble bee pollination mutualism under climate change. Science 349 (6255) :1541-1544 , DOI:

Moyes, A. B., Germino, M. J., Kueppers, L. M., (2015) Moisture rivals temperature in limiting photosynthesis by trees establishing beyond their cold-edge range limit under ambient and warmed conditions. New Phytologist 207 (4) :1005-1014 , DOI: URL:

Ray, C., McKnight, D. M., Bidwell, M. D., Fourment, T., Flanagan Pritz, C., Rinehart, A. H., (2015) Children’s book series and associated curricula support elementary education and outreach in water resources. Plant Ecology & Diversity , DOI:

Reinhardt, K, Germino, MJ, Kueppers, LM, (2015) Linking carbon and water relations to drought-induced mortality in Pinus flexilis seedlings. Tree Physiology 35 :771-782 , DOI:

Schmidt, S.K., King, A.J., Meier, C.L., Bowman, W.D., Farrer, E.C., Suding, K.N., Nemergut, D.R., (2015) Plant-microbe interactions at multiple scales across a high-elevation landscape. Plant Ecology & Diversity , DOI:

Seabloom, EW, Borer, ET, Buckley, YM, Cleland, EE, ..., Humphries, HC, et al., (2015) Plant species’ origin predicts dominance and response to nutrient enrichment and herbivores in global grasslands. Nature Communications 6 , DOI:

Smith, JM, Paritsis, J, Veblen, TT, Chapman, TB, (2015) Permanent forest plots show accelerating tree mortality in subalpine forests of the ÃÛÌÇÖ±²¥ Front Range from 1982 to 2013. Forest Ecology and Management 341 :8-17 , DOI:

Sproull, Gregory J., Quigley, Martin F., Sher, Anna, González, Eduardo, (2015) Long-term changes in composition, diversity and distribution patterns in four herbaceous plant communities along an elevational gradient. Journal of Vegetation Science 26 (3) :552-563 , DOI:

Suding, Katharine N., Farrer, Emily C., King, Andrew J., Kueppers, Lara, Spasojevic, Marko J., (2015) Vegetation change at high elevation: scale dependence and interactive effects on Niwot Ridge. Plant Ecology & Diversity , DOI:

Trahan, NA, Dynes, EL, Pugh, E, (2015) Changes in soil biogeochemistry following disturbance by girdling and mountain pine beetles in subalpine forests. Oecologia 177 :981-995 , DOI:

Wilkening, JL, Ray, C, Ramsay. N, Klingler, K, (2015) Alpine biodiversity and assisted migration: the case of the American pika (Ochotona princeps). Biodiversity 16 (4) :224-236 , DOI:

Wilkening, JL, Ray, C, (2015) Parks, pikas, and physiological stress: Implications for long-term monitoring of an NPS climate-sensitive sentinel species. Park Science 32 (1) :42-48

Wilkening, Jennifer L., Ray, Chris, Varner, Johanna, (2015) Relating sub-surface ice features to physiological stress in a climate sensitive mammal, the American pika (Ochotona princeps). PLOS one 10 (3) :e0119327 , DOI:

Williams, MW, Seastedt, TR, Bowman, WD, McKnight, DM, Suding, KN, (2015) An overview of research from a high elevation landscape: the Niwot Ridge, ÃÛÌÇÖ±²¥ Long Term Ecological Research programme. Plant Ecology and Diversity 8 (5-6) :597-605 , DOI:

2014

Barnes, R.T., Willliams, M.W., Parman, J.N., Hill, K., Caine, N., (2014) Thawing glacial and permafrost features contribute to nitrogen export from Green Lakes Valley, ÃÛÌÇÖ±²¥ Front Range, USA. Biogeochemistry 117 (2-3) :413-430 , DOI:

Bowling, D.R., Ballantyne, A.P., Miller, J.B., Burns, S.P., Conway, T.J., Menzer, O., Stephens, B.B., Vaughn, B.H., (2014) Ecological processes dominate the 13C land disequilibrium in a Rocky Mountain subalpine forest. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 28 :352-370 , DOI:

Burns, S.P., Molotch, N.P., Williams, M.W., Knowles, J.F., Seok, B., Monson, R.K., Turnipseed, A.A., Blanken, P.D., (2014) Snow temperature changes within a seasonal snowpack and their relationship to turbulent fluxes of sensible and latent heat. Journal of Hydrometeorology 15 :117-142 , DOI:

Creed, I.F., Spargo, A.T., Jones, J.A., Buttle, J.M., Adams, M.B., Beall, F.D., Booth, E., Campbell, J., Clow, D., Elder, K., Green, M.B., Grimm, N.B., Miniat, C., Ramlal, P., Saha, A., Sebestyen, S., Spittlehouse, D., Sterling, S., Williams, M.W., Winkler, R., Yao, H., (2014) Changing forest water yields in response to climate warming: results from long-term experimental watershed sites across North America. Global Change Biology 20 (10) :3191-3208 , DOI:

Dean, S.L., Farrer, E.C., Taylor, D.L., Porras-Alfaro, A., Suding, K.N., Sinsabaugh, R.L., (2014) Nitrogen deposition alters plant-fungal relationships: linking belowground dynamics to aboveground vegetation change. Molecular Ecology 23 (6) :1364-1378 , DOI:

Erb, L.P., Ray, C., Guralnick, R., (2014) Determinants of pika population density versus occupancy in the Southern Rocky Mountains. Ecological Applications 24 (3) :429-435 , DOI:

Farrer, EC, Ashton, IW, Knape, J, Suding, KN, (2014) Separating direct and indirect effects of global change: a population dynamic modeling approach using readily available field data. Global Change Biology 20 :1238-1250 , DOI:

Ferrenberg, S., Mitton, J. B., (2014) Smooth bark surfaces can defend trees against insect attack: Resurrecting a 'slippery' hypothesis. Functional Ecology 28 (4) :837-845 , DOI:

Ferrenberg, S., Kane, J. M., Mitton, J. B., (2014) Resin duct characteristics associated with tree resistance to bark beetles across lodgepole and limber pines. Oecologia 174 (4) :1283-1292 , DOI: URL:

Ferrenberg, S., Knelman, J.E., Jones, J.M., Beals, S.C., Bowman, W.D., Nemergut, D.R., (2014) Soil bacterial community structure remains stable over a five-year chronosequence of insect-induced tree mortality. Frontiers in Microbiology 5 :681 , DOI:

Formica, A., Farrer, E.C., Ashton, I.W., Suding, K.N., (2014) Shrub expansion over the past 62 years in Rocky Mountain alpine tundra: possible causes and consequences. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research 46 (3) :616-631 , DOI:

Hartman, M.D., Baron, J.S., Ewing, H.A., Weathers, K.C., (2014) Combined global change effects on ecosystem processes in nine U.S. topographically complex areas. Biogeochemistry , DOI:

Hicks, J.J., Beatty, S.W., Seastedt, T.R., (2014) Presence of the exotic weevil, Rhinocyllus conicus Froelich at high elevations in the Rocky Mountains of ÃÛÌÇÖ±²¥. Western North American Naturalist 74 :99-107 , DOI:

Knowles, J.F., Burns, S.P., Blanken, P.D., Monson, R.K., (2014) Fluxes of energy, water, and carbon dioxide from mountain ecosystems at Niwot Ridge, ÃÛÌÇÖ±²¥. Plant Ecology & Diversity , DOI:

Leopold M., Volkel, J., Dethier, D.P., Williams, M.W., (2014) Changing mountain permafrost 1970s and today: comparing two examples from the Niwot Ridge, ÃÛÌÇÖ±²¥ Front Range, USA. Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie 58s1 :137-157 , DOI:

McDonell, T.C., Belyazid, S.S., Sullivan, T.J., Sverdrup, H., Bowman, W.D., Porter, E.M., (2014) Modeled subalpine plant community response to climate change and atmospheric nitrogen deposition in Rocky Mountain National Park, USA. Environmental Pollution 187 :55-64

Perrot, D., Molotch, N.P., Williams, M.W., Jepsen, S.M., Sickman, J.O., (2014) Relationships between stream nitrate concentration and spatially distributed snowmelt in high-elevation catchments of the western U.S.. Water Resources Research 50 , DOI:

Perrot, D., Molotch, N.P., Musselman, K.N., Pugh, E.T., (2014) Modelling the effects of the mountain pine beetle on snowmelt in a subalpine forest. Ecohydrology 7 (2) :226-241 , DOI:

Spasojevic, M. J., Copeland, S., Suding, K. N., (2014) Using functional diversity patterns to explore metacommunity dynamics: a framework for understanding local and regional influences on community structure. Ecography 37 (10) :939-949 , DOI: 09067590,